Part 2. Nephritis

Contents

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1. Note By The American Editor For Part 2 - NephritisProf. von Noorden's handling of the subject of nephritis in the following pages is bold, original, and somewhat iconoclastic. He rides roughshod over mosscovered tradition. Nothing is sacred to him bu...
2. Introductory For Part 2 - NephritisIn the present treatise I propose discussing the most important fundamental principles of the treatment of renal diseases. Since my first publications concerning the pathology of the kidneys (Albuminu...
3. I. The Customary Therapy Of Kidney Diseases(a) Acute Nephritis Kidney diseases belong to a class of disorders in which dietetic therapy - a system that in its complete form must be considered an achievement of recent times - was employed very...
4. I. The Customary Therapy Of Kidney Diseases. Part 2(b) Sub-Chronic Nephritis For the sub-chronic form of nephritis with edema (so-called perenchymatous nephritis), essentially the same dietetic treatment has been introduced and maintained. But it has...
5. I. The Customary Therapy Of Kidney Diseases. Part 3(c) The Contracted Kidney While the dietetic regulations recommended by different clinicians in the treatment of acute and chronic diffuse parenchymatous nephritis are practically uniform, the dietet...
6. II. The Principle Of Saving The Kidneys In Renal DiseasesWhen we review all these dietary regulations, that in great part have been developed from practical experience, we will discover that they are all based on the same principle and all emanate from the ...
7. II. The Principle Of Saving The Kidneys In Renal Diseases. Part 2In subchronic nephritis with oedema this criterion is less reliable. In this disease periodic fluctuations in the excretion of albumin seem to occur spontaneously and seem to be altogether uninfluence...
8. II. The Principle Of Saving The Kidneys In Renal Diseases. Part 3On a previous page, for instance, I reported the case of a wine grower from Burgundy, who developed serious symptoms of stenocardia and dilatation of the heart while he was on a strict milk diet. In t...
9. III. The Facts Of Metabolism As A Basis For The Dietary Regulations To Be Adopted In The Protective Therapy Of Kidney DiseasesIf we investigate the eliminating powers of the kidneys according to the same principles and the same methods that we adopt in metabolic investigations we will find that some substances are readily ex...
10. a. Creatin - Should Be Avoided In Renal DiseaseIt is a comparatively easy matter to omit substances from the diet that are injurious on account of the creatinin they contain. The mother substance of creatinin, namely, creatin, is present only in m...
11. b. Urinary Pigments - Should Be Avoided In Renal DiseaseVery little can be said on this subject, as we know little about it. The most important urinary pigments, urobilin and hematoporphyrin, and probably the majority of the other normal urinary pigments, ...
12. c. Phosphoric Acid - Should Be Avoided In Renal DiseasePhosphoric acid offers peculiar but not insurmountable difficulties, for this substance is present in large quantities in meat, in yolk of egg, and particularly in milk and in many vegetables. Milk co...
13. d. Urea and Sulphates - Should Be Avoided In Renal DiseaseIn regard to urea and, as I shall presently show, the sulphates, we encounter great difficulties. I will discuss both of them together, because both of them are derived from the protein molecule. In o...
14. e. Hippuric Acid - Should Be Avoided In Renal DiseaseHippuric acid, as is well known, is generated from benzoic acid and glycocol by a synthetic process in the kidneys themselves. In nephritis, particularly in the more acute forms this synthesis is rend...
15. f. Ammonia - Should Be Avoided In Renal DiseaseThis substance, as will be seen from the tables I have given, is included among the nitrogenous bodies that are readily excreted by nephritic cases. This is perfectly correct, for even in cases in whi...
16. g. Acetic Acid and Citric Acid - Should Be Avoided In Renal DiseaseThere is an old popular prejudice to the effect that acetic acid should be altogether eliminated from the diet of patients suffering from renal disease, from renal lithiasis, and from bladder troubles...
17. h. Uric Acid and Alloxuric Bases - Should Be Avoided In Renal DiseaseIt was formerly believed that uric acid is eliminated with difficulty in nephritis. Certain theories regarding the retention of uric acid and concerning arthritis urica (gout) were based on this assum...
18. i. Alcohol - Should Be Avoided In Renal DiseaseAlmost nothing is known in regard to the excretion of alcohol by diseased kidneys. Experiments were begun at my instigation, but they are not yet completed, owing to the decided technical difficulties...
19. j. Water (Sweating Cures) - Should Be Avoided In Renal DiseaseI have already said that water is very badly excreted by the kidneys when they are acutely diseased and frequently also in sub-acute and sub-chronic forms of nephritis; individual cases differ greatly...
20. k. Drugs - Should Be Avoided In Renal DiseaseOne word about drugs in acute nephritis. Many physicians prescribe diuretin, caffein, digitalis, juniper, petroselinum, species diureticae, etc., in the early stages of nephritis, i.e., at the period ...
21. IV. The Principles Underlying The Dietetic And Physical Treatment Of Acute NephritisIf we take into consideration all the facts that have been enumerated so far in regard to the diet in acute nephritis we arrive at the following conclusions : (a) In severe cases of acute nephritis i...
22. V. The Principles Underlying The Dietetic And Physical Treatment Of Contracted Kidney(a) General Considerations I will now discuss the treatment of chronic contracted kidney. I have already discussed the customary dietetic therapy of this form of nephritis, but have not yet touched o...
23. b. Alcohol - The Dietetic And Physical Treatment Of Contracted KidneyShielding the kidneys, in the first place, aims at the exclusion of such irritants as are known to cause disease of the organ. Alcohol, above all others, is to be counted among these. One of the most ...
24. c. Condiments - The Dietetic And Physical Treatment Of Contracted KidneySpices proper must be included among directly harmful and injurious articles, particularly irritating condiments like pepper, ginger, mustard, etc. Salt, vinegar and lemon juice on the other hand are ...
25. d. Drugs - The Dietetic And Physical Treatment Of Contracted KidneyCertain drugs are to be avoided in atropic nephritis on the same principle as many spices. To this class belong, among others : cantharidin, copaiva, turpentine, salicylic acid, carbolic acid, resorci...
26. e. Coffee, Tea, Tobacco - The Dietetic And Physical Treatment Of Contracted KidneyIn addition to various substances (either foods or medicines), that I have enumerated and that should be withheld, or at least used with great care in cases of contracted kidney, some others must be m...
27. f. Meat - The Dietetic And Physical Treatment Of Contracted KidneyHeretofore only those substances have been discussed that are known to have a harmful effect upon patients with contracted kidneys, or that at least are, more or less correctly, believed to do harm. W...
28. g. The Amount of Proteid Ingested - The Dietetic And Physical Treatment Of Contracted KidneyThe question arises how much protein, and in particular how much meat should we allow patients with contracted kidneys to eat. I have been guided in this important question by empiricism. The problem ...
29. h. The Allowance of Water - The Dietetic And Physical Treatment Of Contracted KidneyThe amount of water to be allowed patients with contracted kidneys is an important question to be solved. In all previous works on the subject this question has either been altogether neglected or has...
30. h. The Allowance of Water - ContinuedThe second case was a gentleman of fifty, who was sent to me from England with the positive diagnosis of contracted kidney, and who came to take a bathing and water cure at Neuenahr. From the history ...
31. i. Total Nourishment (Caloric Value) - The Dietetic And Physical Treatment Of Contracted KidneyAside from deciding between permissible and non-permissible articles of food and prescribing the proper quantity of proteid and fluids, dietetic treatment in contracted kidney must concern itself with...
32. j. Physical Treatment - The Dietetic And Physical Treatment Of Contracted KidneyNo less important than the dietetic treatment of contracted kidney is the physical treatment. The question arises whether we should attempt to change the water balance of the body by physical means. P...